1. INTRODUCTION: EVALUATION OBJECTIVES
Around the world, conflict and natural disasters have displaced millions of people. Displaced populations fleeing to settlement camps and seeking safety in host villages often put great stress on natural resources, leading to environmental degradation and conflict with local populations. One of the greatest needs of people affected by crisis, be they displaced, settled, or on the move, is firewood or some other type of fuel to cook their food, heat their homes, and treat water for drinking and food preparation. The risks endured (especially by women and children) collecting scarce wood resources constitute some of the most challenging and serious protection concerns both in IDP camps and in villages where conflict over resources is high.
Charcoal in the ARC stoves in Majuro
Michael Trevor, Marshall Island, December 13, 2008
Charcoal From ARC
Fuel and Char
Prepping Flower Shoot Covers Utak
It was asked if the ARC's stoves here in the Marshall make charcoal Absolutely
I went back and looked after we had to use the stove because the propane ran out, here in town. you answer pulpy punky material or not yes the stove does produce charcoal.
The charcoal in the pictures is charred copra used to light the stove and the pieces of the flower shoot that even show the grain and structure of the original pieces.
The flower shoot cover Spathe or Utak is an often used fuel anyway. Ripped by hand into small strips it works particularly well in the ARC rocket stoves. Copra, dried coconut meat, is the major cash crop and source of income for most. Its use would be limited to only a few chips as a starter material.
I find a spritz of kerosene from a old 409 bottle or even a squirt of WD-40 does fine as a starter too. Various pieces of fronds and leaflets are really bio trash stuff and if they can be use effectively a really handy application.
As for char structure, after it goes through my blender I am not at all sure there is much left.
Remember I have been using Charcoal slurppees for a while. Charcoal, fish scraps if there are and a touch of 20/20/20 and a pinch of sugar.
So better cooking and may your terra preta plot grow too.
Palm Fronds as Fuel in a TLUD (Top Lit Updraft)
Micheal Trevor, Marshall Islands, December 7, 2008
Loaded Chopped Fronds
Remember in the rocket stove I am use very "pulpy" stuff.
In the TLUDS-- XL Woodgas and my tincanium ones--- they make charcoal. As for shell I have not tried it much yet in the TLUDS althought my son burned out the first XLWoodgas unit on it.
I think a mix of broken shell chips with the chopped frond piece may work very well.
The chopped frond pieces work well but the burn is rather short.
In industrial applications like a bakery I am sure shell would be fantastic if you could get enough.I think everyone else would get it first
Palm Fronds as Fuel in a TLUD (Top Lit Updraft)
Micheal Trevor, Marshall Islands, December 7, 2008
Loaded Chopped Fronds
Remember in the rocket stove I am use very "pulpy" stuff.
In the TLUDS-- XL Woodgas and my tincanium ones--- they make charcoal. As for shell I have not tried it much yet in the TLUDS althought my son burned out the first XLWoodgas unit on it.
I think a mix of broken shell chips with the chopped frond piece may work very well.
The chopped frond pieces work well but the burn is rather short.
In industrial applications like a bakery I am sure shell would be fantastic if you could get enough.I think everyone else would get it first
ARISTO. The Plant oil stove
Yun Ho Chae, Grupo Ari SA, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic December 3, 2008
Two Burner ARISTO Stove
With the purpose of developing a stove that uses a different fuel to petroleum and other conventional, 4 years ago was initiated the development of an alcohol stove, which presented several problems in its efficiency such as:
A. Under performance in the generation of heat energy
B. High cost of fuel (alcohol)
C. High levels of evaporation of alcohol, which generated a minor use
D. Smell of alcohol due to its evaporation
E. Danger in use because of the high level of inflamability of alcohol in their natural state
With these results has been decided to seek other fuel that could solve these problems.
During 4 years we have researched and developed a stove that is capable of generate the same or better performance that gas stoves have and could solve the drawback of accessibility to gas in rural areas and areas far from cities.
To that end we developed a stove that works with vegetable oil, whose characteristics are presented below.
3. Description
Aristo is a 2 stove burners that operates using all kinds of vegetable oil.
The most known types of oils are Higuereta, jatropha, Camelina, African palm.
They can also be used cooking oils made of soybean, maize, sunflower, although these are not desirable because of its high cost and are also products consumed at home.
Another excellent option is the use of used cooking oil, which has a high performance at low cost.
The stove oil has a good performance on fuel consumption.
Compared with the gas generates a decrease of 40% in costs
Features and Benefits
1. Easy to use and fast ignition
2. High level of heat energy
3. Danger void, because the oil only lights inside the stove
4. Do not emit toxic gases.
5. The oil is not volatile, so you do not need special packaging
6. No need of heavy and expensive storage tanks
7. The oil can be obtained at any point of sale, in small packages
8. In the fields can be sown to extract oil for own use
9. It reduces the import of liquefied gas which would generate large benefits to the country.
10. They can be used as heaters in cold regions.
11. This produces a savings of up to 70% in costs compared with gas.
12. It helps preserve the environment by reducing the felling of trees used as firewood for cooking.
13. The oil stove is much more economical than a gas stove.
Biodigestores Familiares - Guia de Diseno y Manual de Instalacion
Jaimie Marti Herrero, Proagro/GTZ, Bolivia Noviembre 2008
Biodigestores de polietileno tubular de bajo costo para tropico, valle y antiplano
Biodigestores Familiares - Guia de Diseno y Manual de Instalacion
Jaimie Marti Herrero, Proagro/GTZ, Bolivia Noviembre 2008
Biodigestores de polietileno tubular de bajo costo para tropico, valle y antiplano
INVERTED-DOWNDRAFT COAL GASIFIER FOR SMALL SCALE INDUSTRY THERMAL APPLICATION
Alexis Belonio, Daniel Belonio, Fraciscus Tria Garleman, Bima Tahar, and Djoewito Atmowidjojo
Minang Jordanindo Approtech, November 2008
Gasifier With Jet Burner
Fuel source for small-scale industry heating application is becoming expensive. This is more so for food, grain, and other processing industries in Indonesia where the energy sources for various processes are highly dependent on conventional fuel. At present, the cost of LPG went up to IDR 7,000 per kg while kerosene and diesel to as high as IDR 12,000 and IDR 5,500 per liter, respectively.
INVERTED-DOWNDRAFT COAL GASIFIER FOR SMALL SCALE INDUSTRY THERMAL APPLICATION
Alexis Belonio, Daniel Belonio, Fraciscus Tria Garleman, Bima Tahar, and Djoewito Atmowidjojo
Minang Jordanindo Approtech, November 2008
Gasifier With Jet Burner
Fuel source for small-scale industry heating application is becoming expensive. This is more so for food, grain, and other processing industries in Indonesia where the energy sources for various processes are highly dependent on conventional fuel. At present, the cost of LPG went up to IDR 7,000 per kg while kerosene and diesel to as high as IDR 12,000 and IDR 5,500 per liter, respectively.
SMALL-SCALE INDUSTRY COAL GASIFIER STOVE FOR FRYING FOOD PRODUCTS
Alexis Belonio, Daniel Belonio, Franciscus Tria Garleman, and Djoewito Atmowidjojo
Minang Jordanindo Approtech, Jakarta Selatan, Indonesia, November 2008
SMALL-SCALE INDUSTRY COAL GASIFIER STOVE FOR FRYING FOOD PRODUCTS
Alexis Belonio, Daniel Belonio, Franciscus Tria Garleman, and Djoewito Atmowidjojo
Minang Jordanindo Approtech, Jakarta Selatan, Indonesia, November 2008
Fuel Briquette Burning at Stoves Camp 2008
Rok Oblak, August 31, 2008 Briquette Burning Stove
Stove Diagram
This prototype was to check the hole of the briquette and how gasification can do a nice job. As said, starting the fire with few small sticks and then after preheating the chamber, briquettes ignite by themselves and burn throughly. You can help flames with having a stick in the hole while burning. I really liked how the briquette retained its shape after it burned out, so you could still push the next one it without preventing the draft..
But the briquette burned with the surface lit from the combustion chamber, as Larry predicted. You could literally walk away of the stove with the consistent flame going on all the time (I guess the briquettes were good quality :) The air inflow was only through the hole of the briquette.
Funny was, that even when one briquette burned out, the next one ignited and the airflow continued through the hole of the first briquette.
We have recently learned that BP is manufacturing a VERY similar stove
and selling them (only in India) in their equivalent of Walmart. I hear
they have already sold 100,000. Sounds like we are well on the way to
getting a "Billion Improved Stoves" out to the developing world.
If you cover the combustion air holes with aluminum flashing or sheet
metal screws the stove also makes a good gasifier.
We have recently learned that BP is manufacturing a VERY similar stove
and selling them (only in India) in their equivalent of Walmart. I hear
they have already sold 100,000. Sounds like we are well on the way to
getting a "Billion Improved Stoves" out to the developing world.
If you cover the combustion air holes with aluminum flashing or sheet
metal screws the stove also makes a good gasifier.
How to Make a 16 Brick Rocket Stove
Larry Winiarski, Rotary International, Santiago Tlautla, Mexico, July 2008
Dr. Larry Winiarski makes a clean burning rocket stove using 16 adobe bricks at the Rotary International-sponsored Integrated Cooking Workshop in Tlautla, Mexico
Urban Justa Stove Building Workshop in San Francisco
Charlie Sellers, July 29, 2008
Sebastian Africano was just through the SF Bay area, building stoves on his way to Stove Camp, and I added this post on his workshop to my evolving IAP site:
Cookstove System Save80
LUSAKA SUSTAINABLE ENERGY PROJECT and COOK STOVE PROJECT KUPANG
Climate Interchange AG,Garching/Munich, Germany, July 2008 Cookstove Save80
Cookstove System Save80
LUSAKA SUSTAINABLE ENERGY PROJECT and COOK STOVE PROJECT KUPANG
Climate Interchange AG,Garching/Munich, Germany, July 2008 Cookstove Save80
MJA Biomass Gas Stove
Alexis Belonio, July 23, 2008 MJA Biomass Gas Stove Burning Coal
Alexis Belonio writes (edited and annotated by Paul Anderson and Tom Miles):
Attached is a picture of my latest coal gasifier stove. This
is the same basic TLUD stove I have for wood charcoal and wood chunks.
For domestic use, I use carbonized coal (or coke) as fuel instead
of the raw coal. Coal can be used for the stove, but we don't want to promote
this as a fuel since it emits poisonous gas. I would prefer to use coal for
industry application where gas can be cleaned before it is released to the
atmosphere.
I provide only a small amount of coal fuel in the gasifier stove, enough
for cooking. This mean that the power output is only small and the
metal I use is a stainless steel.
I ignite the carbonized coal by using a wood charcoal that has been soaked in
kerosene as igniter. [This is a TLUD stove, so ignition is at the top.]
[In the Belonio TLUDs, the fan only blows the primary air. The
secondary air is
pre-heated as it rises naturally between the fuel cylinder and the outer
cylinder, finally exiting into the rising flow of combustible gases.]
The smoke in the coal gasifier I have was eliminated [combusted] by mixing
preheated air with the gas generated from the reactor. I think
there is no need of [forced] mixing the secondary air by creating turbulence
with the combustible gases. Because in that case, you will need a
slightly bigger fan with enough pressure to push the air. MJ Biomass Gas Stove
MJA Biomass Gas Stove
Alexis Belonio, July 23, 2008 MJA Biomass Gas Stove Burning Coal
Alexis Belonio writes (edited and annotated by Paul Anderson and Tom Miles):
Attached is a picture of my latest coal gasifier stove. This
is the same basic TLUD stove I have for wood charcoal and wood chunks.
For domestic use, I use carbonized coal (or coke) as fuel instead
of the raw coal. Coal can be used for the stove, but we don't want to promote
this as a fuel since it emits poisonous gas. I would prefer to use coal for
industry application where gas can be cleaned before it is released to the
atmosphere.
I provide only a small amount of coal fuel in the gasifier stove, enough
for cooking. This mean that the power output is only small and the
metal I use is a stainless steel.
I ignite the carbonized coal by using a wood charcoal that has been soaked in
kerosene as igniter. [This is a TLUD stove, so ignition is at the top.]
[In the Belonio TLUDs, the fan only blows the primary air. The
secondary air is
pre-heated as it rises naturally between the fuel cylinder and the outer
cylinder, finally exiting into the rising flow of combustible gases.]
The smoke in the coal gasifier I have was eliminated [combusted] by mixing
preheated air with the gas generated from the reactor. I think
there is no need of [forced] mixing the secondary air by creating turbulence
with the combustible gases. Because in that case, you will need a
slightly bigger fan with enough pressure to push the air. MJ Biomass Gas Stove
fogon-IMTA-Chiapas.jpg
Este documento, escrito por Omar Fonseca (Instituto Mexicano de Tecnología del Agua, IMTA) parte de la importancia de "la comunicación" en la difusión de tecnología apropiada, en este caso de los fogones sin humo.
Assessing Cook Stove Performance: Field and Lab Studies of Three Rocket Stoves Comparing the Open Fire and Traditional Stoves in Tamil Nadu, India on Measures of Time to Cook, Fuel Use, Total Emissions, and Indoor Air Pollution
Nordica MacCarty, Dean Still, Damon Ogle, Thomas Drouin, Aprovecho Research Center, January 2008
Testing Results of the Ecocina Cooking Stove from El Salvador
Nordica MacCarty, Aprovecho Research Center, March 5, 2008
Nancy Hughes, Stove Team International, April 5, 2008 La Disminuicion de las Emanaciones de Humo
Making Rocket Stoves in China
Dean Still, Aprovecho Research Center, March 28, 2008
Hi Stovers!
A lot of the folks on the List saw the Rocket stoves that we are making in China at ETHOS. John Page and I just spent ten days at the factory near Shanghai. Here’s a quick update on the China project.
The big news is that the lightweight, refractory ceramic combustion chambers are now being extruded at the rate of about one thousand per day. You can imagine that John and Dean were grinning ear to ear, watching the materials being mixed three times in the big grinders. When thoroughly mixed, the clay is extruded into the combustion chamber shape, pushed by a 100HP motor, and every twenty seconds or so, another combustion chamber is ready for drying. (There are photos of all this.) Drying takes about 30 days and then firing takes place in the huge coal fired kiln, as big as a supermarket. I think that we can fire about 20,000 combustion chambers at one go. The kiln is being fired and emptied simultaneously. The clay deposit is located one kilometer from the kiln.
The cast iron stove top was adjusted; raising the pot supports two millimeters, after further emission testing in the lab showed a reduction in CO and PM with a little higher clearance.
We have the first order for a container of stoves, which is going to India. The factory has arranged for a good set up price (about $600) for the packaging. The six sided box can be printed in the local language with desired designs and logos.
We are investigating shipping costs to and duties for all countries. There are different duties for whole stoves and for stove parts. We’re going to write up our experience and send it around to everyone, bit by bit, trying to share what we learn from this project.
You can contact me for the stove catalog, questions, etc…
