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If you are using stems twigs etc you need to see this comign out not just chips:

Friends of the wet low pressure briquetting process;

We are seeing many who dive into making up briquettes with all kinds of new presses and blends but who lack a good understanding of what it takes to make a good solid briquette. They give up on use of agro residues because of frustration in getting them to compact, and then resort to use of paper.

Paper is a good shortcut but it cuts you out of the richness of diversity and sustainability of the natural biota thats there. Paper is easy to use just soak it for a few days and you have the base for blending in about anything Great BUT.you will then depend upon it for the future, and with the chemicals used in its manufacture, it is not the best material for combustion either.

With these few bits of experience to add I hope to encourage you to moveon to briquetting with natural resources

With the wet low pressure ambient temperature process (WLPATP ?), fibers are used to bind the materials together. Corn Starch Clay, wax, dung and other additives can bind of course but these may add cost and/or are not necessarily good combustibles.For most of us, its all about getting the material (grasses/ straws/ leaves /stalks/ husks /stems etc., to expose their fibers, and to then dissociate these fibers from their natural matrices, then randomly realigning them in the form of, say, matted hair or a really tight birds nest. (fiber length varies depending upon flexibility. from a few mm to a few cm) .

If processed correctly, natural fibers will flex and then tend to interlock once blended with other materials in a water slurry.
One does not achieve this by simple chopping or even direct use of the fiber without some form of softening (thru partial decompsition, in a hot humid anerobic environment, (under such as a black plastic bag), or as we are learning from our Mayan colleagues in Guatemala, use of agricultural lime (which is traditionally discarded after its use in hot water to soften and de-shell their corn kernals).

I am good, pretty busy with the work at Prakti and other stuff, there is a lot of good projects and ideas coming up at Prakti, we are living enthusiastic times!

I saw the GIZ 'Pulumde' when I was in Benin, interesting design, looking sturdy like a Roumde and with a grate like a Pulumusa. I remember secondary air was exiting above the charcoal pile from a metal tube attached to the grate, but it wasn't working well, and I think it was taken out later on.

The improved malgache I made wasn't really convincing in terms of performances. Something wrong with the air flow, I guess. Needed a lot of design work, way more than I could do with my small knowledge. Perhaps a two-stage door like you are proposing would improve the performances, yes.

I think GIZ with the Pulumde and you with the improved malgache are on to something.

A few pictures of the improved malgache are attached.

Now my main concern was to make a heat-resistant combustion chamber/cone/grate? Either good and thick metal, either a ceramic one like the POCA you showed me.

Cheers,

Xavier Brandao
Casual Παπουτσια

SeaChar
http://seachar.org

Kopačky na fotbal

From Charlie Sellers:

I chased down this protocol in case it would help me with my effort to see how to compare the performance of 2 stoves differentiated by only minor design changes (not predict how they will work in the field - though we keep hoping that lab testing results can be eventually correlated with field performance, once we have figured out how behavioral, educational, and cultural issues can be overcome):
http://cdm.unfccc.int/filestorage/I/Z/X/IZX36AE84V1K5NOYQBSU0TWRHD2FGL/S...
It might be considered a little obscure on the web - since if you search on the title ("Stove Manufacturers Emissions & Performance Test Protocol" - EPTP for short) you won't get much else besides this helpful presentation at NREL last fall:
http://www.irena.org/DocumentDownloads/events/IRENA_NREL_WORKSHOP/2-4_WI...

A supporting journal article cited is "Influence of testing parameters on biomass stove performance and development of an improved testing protocol", written by L'Orange et al at Colorado State University and published in the March 2012 issue of Energy for Sustainable Development: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S097308261100086X
and it is worth a read. For those of you who are not yet familiar with it, Google Scholar is an excellent tool for ferreting out the, hopefully, highest quality technical information - and it has no superfluous information or ads, yet. I am not sure that I am allowed to attach a copy of it here - but the authors should be able to. Note that an older, but similarly oriented, journal article from India "Effects of selected parameters on performance and emission of biomass cookstoves" - was published in 2002 by Bhattacharya et all (Thailand), in the journal Biomass and Bioenergy (http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0961953402000624).

Read Saving 50% Cooking Energy with a Metal Improved Cooking Stove (ICS)

by Sjoerd Nienhuys.

In this Technical Working Papger, he generously shares his experience improving specific technical problems with stoves in Tajikistan, Pakistan and Afghanistan. In this report, he presents and improved pot skirt, stove, and chimney design for street vendors and restaurants. And he considers the multiple challenges faced by poor people in the Himalayas, where it is very cold, and there is very little wood available. This paper includes plans for a modified bread oven that can be used as a space heater in the winter time, as well as carefully considering the many factors that go into building and using the new design.

In addition to the attached paper, Sjoerd has drawings and other information on his web site: http://www.nienhuys.info

MIT has recently published the paper "Up in Smoke" by Rema Hanna, Ester Duflo and Michael Greenston which studies the a randomized installation of the Chullah in India. The study participants received skilled help in installing the Chullah stove and minimal help in maintaining them.

The Study is published Here:
http://www.charcoalproject.org/2012/04/news-clean-cookstoves-draw-suppor...
this link is shorter http://bit.ly/IfI0ZL

A Geyser, is a hot water heater in South Africa. There are many houses that are not connected to conventional utility grids, and heating water with electricity and natural gas is expansive and/or impractical.

Tankless, batch hot water heaters directly connected to the shower etc, are a great single-use application for an efficient stoves.

Rogerio Carneiro de Miranda shared his new video that highlights the features of the Ecofogão in Brazil.

It is is a rocket style stove that uses wood to heat a cast iron griddle and an oven. It is an efficient stove that also includes an chimney, and the option to build it into an attractive and functional kitchen island. They also have an option that heats water (for washing or bathing).

For more information, and pictures, and to buy the stove, see their website:
http://www.ecofogao.com.br/

Dennis Hartley, who volunteers for Aprovecho put together a nice video about the
2012 ETHOS Conference.

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